Nouns

Nouns are the names of persons, places, things, and concepts or ideas

Eventually, each item below will link to a page of explanation, examples, and exercises. The brief summaries below are incomplete and may be slightly misleading. Therefore, you should follow the link for each. If you find errors please send a correction to the page editor.

Adjectives as nouns
Infinitives as nouns
Infinitive stems as nouns
Past infinitive stems as nouns

Suffixes Forming Nouns

-er - 1. denotes the agent: erziehen = to educate; der Erzieher = educator
        2. denotes resident of a place: Kölner = man from Köln, Berlinerin = female from Berlin

-in - denotes feminine: König = King, Königin = queen, Kalorfornienin(sp) = California girl

-chen and -lein - diminutive ending denotes endearment, neatness, tenderness: Frau => Fraulein

-e forms abstract feminine nouns from adjectives: gut = good; die Güte = kindness NOT READY

-heit and -keit: frei = free, die Freiheit = freedom; deutlish = distinct. Deutlishkeit = distinctness

-ei = profession or place when the work occurs Backerei

-ling - one who possesses the quality: jung = young, der Jüngling = youth

-nis - affixed to verb root denotes action, effect, or place: wild = wild, wildnis = wilderness

-sal - affixed to verbal root gives manifestion of action: laben = refresh; die Labsal = refreshment

-schaft - cognate of -ship: Freund = friend; Freundschaft = friendship

-tum - cognate with -dom of kingdom: Priester = priest; Priestertum = priesthood

-ung - cognate with ing of ending. warnen = to warn; warnenung = warning

prefixes:

Ant- similar to ent- and emp- of verbs: die antwort = answer; das Antliß = face

Erz- cognate of English arch meaning chief: der Erzengel = archangel

Ge- forms collectives, associations: Gewässer = waters; das Spiel => Gespiele = playmate

Miß- cognate with mis in mistake meas wrong: Brauch = usage; der Mißbrauch = misuse

Un- congnate with un in unfair; denotes opposite meaning: die Art = manner; die Unart = misbehavior

Ur-   old or ancient, primitive: Wald = forest; Urwald = primeval forest, virgin forest


| INDIANA BIOLAB Home Page | | Eddleman Geneology Library |


Written by Harold Eddleman, Ph. D., President, Indiana Biolab, 14045 Huff St., Palmyra IN 47164

Suggestions, corrections, and comments are appreciated: Contact Harold Eddleman indbio@disknet.com