Indiana Biolab Bacteria Pages
This site has the information to enable any young Pasteur to conduct
excellent microbiology experiments at home with materials found in any
kitchen. Farmers, gardeners, and amateurs will find useful methods and
information on these pages for science projects, family health, gardening,
farming, animal care, and food preservation. Inexpensive kits of Cultures
and supplies are available.
First-time visitors please click here for information
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Start Your Microbiology Science Project Here, Today!
B000 - Index page giving general safety and background
information for your microbiology project. This page will help you get
an outstanding bacteria project going. Also visit our yeast,
fungi, and bacteriophage web sites
which are in early construction.
- B001 - Letter to the Beginning Student - Read
before trying any of these experiments.
- B002 - Letter to Parents - This letter discusses
the safety risks of bacteria projects.
- B003 - What is microbiology? What are
bacteria, archeobacteria, viruses, fungi, prions?
- B004 - Introduction to bacteria: their food
and growth conditons; their place in bioworld
- B005 - BacteriaStudyList - mail list for K-12
students, parents, farmers, home makers, et al.
- B006 - Believe it or Not. Surprising, but true
facts about bacteria. INCOMPLETE
- B007 - Bacteria: Friends or Foes? INCOMPLETE
- - plasmids, genetics, phages, (introductory info every beginner should
know for safety).
- B??? - More basic information about bacteria
- - more beneficial bacteria
- - some harmful bacteria
- books, magazines about bacteria
- short history of microbiology
- how bacteria got their names
- links to bacteria sites
- into to growth requirements of bacteria.
- B017 - Suggested gifts
for your young Pasteur--some are free.
- bacteria on and in our bodies - could we live without them?
- B018 - Reports on bacteria projects completed by K-12 students.
- B019 - Sample Student Research Proposal - planning
your project before you begin
B020 - Start your own Home Microbiology Lab by
reading this index page. Introductory experiments, media, tools, and methods
for beginners using foods and items found at home--few or no purchases
required. B020a prints a work plan for starting
your bacteria project.
- B021 - An easy non-sterile first experiment.
Can yeast use corn syrup, sugar, or starch?
- B022 - Make E-Broth from ground beef on the
kitchen stove - Easy-meat broth medium.
- B023 - Dispense your media as stabs, slants,
plates, deeps: aerobic and anaerobic media
- B024 - Sterilize and store your media. Use pressure
cooker or steamer; store dust-free
- B025 - Make a loop and streak gelatin or agar
plates to isolate pure colonies. Methods.
- B026 - Start your own pure cultures collection.
Make chart of bacterial species traits.
- B027 - More meat-based media: liver, egg, bouillon
cubes, gelatin, heart infusion, brain
- B028 - Milk media. Many bacteria grow better
in milk than in meat broth. A B
- B029 - Make media from potato, carrot, tomato,
rice, hay, turnip; slices, plugs, and liquid
- B030 - Stock Cultures Media - as used at Indiana
Biolab. <== Study this important page.
- B031 - Chemolithotropic media: rocks and sulfur;
mud jars. For bacteria that eat rocks.
- B032 - Simple diagnostic media which can be
made at home. Gas tubes, sugars used.
- B033 - Growth conditions; Aerobic vs anaerobic
bacteria; media, incubation, and methods.
- B034 - Introduction to enrichment and selective
media for growing specific bacteria.
- B037 - Reuse plastic plates and trays. Experiments
using bacterial lawns. Reuse & recycle.
- B038 - How to count bacteria. Sub pages on statistics,
equipment, simple to complex
- B039 - Summary of tools, equipment, and media
for your Home Micro Lab. Incomplete
B040 - Index page to Standard Methods used
in Microbiology: This chapter shows you how to perform the techniques
used in colleges, hospitals, and professional laboratories. The amateur
microbiologist may not have access to this equipment, but these pages help
him design or select substitutes so that he is able to complete many additional
experiments.
- B041 - What are agar, tryptone, yeast extract,
and the other ingredients used in media?
- B0?? - Preparing professional media from tryptone, yeast extract, agar
grades, origin of
- B0?? - Formula for professional media
- B042 - Formula for diagnostic media - carbohydrate
media
- B0?? - Formulae for bacteriological stains
- B0?? - Streaking plates to isolate bacteria and obtain pure cultures
- B0?? - Making slide mounts and using microscope
- B0?? - Building and maintaining a collection of bacteria generally
considered safe.
- B0?? - ?building equipment for advanced work, laminar flow hoods, safety
cabinets.
- B0?? - working with strict anaerobic such as rumen bacteria and methane
producers
B060 - Experiments on Growth Requirements of Bacteria. Effect of environmental
factors on the growth of bacteria. Performing these experiments will help
you understand bacteria and how to protect your food from spoilage and
poisoning by bacteria . Salt, sugar, pH, oxygen level, heat, and other
agents are all used to protect and preserve foods. In these experiments
you will aloso learn how different genera and species of bacteria differ
in their response to environmental conditions.
- B061 - Oxygen requirements of bacteria - INCOMPLETE
- B062 - Optimum temperature for some common bacteria:
4C, room temp, 37C, 55C
- B063 - Osmotic pressure (salt) of medium and
bacteia - INCOMPLETE
- B06? - pH effect on bacterial growth. Table: species, comments
- B064 - Nutritional requirements of bacteria
- B065 - Carbohydrates used by bacteria - diagnostic assays Henry page
232
- B0?? - Carbon sources used by bacteria
- B0?? - Nitrogen sources used by bacteria
- B000 - Disinfectants action on bacteria
- B000 - Killing of bacteria by UV, heat, and agents is a logarithmic
function; killing curves.
- B000 - chemo- and organo- tropic nutrition
- B000 - Bacteriophages (viruses that attack bacteria). Also see phage
site.
- B000 - Bacteriocins that kill bacteria
- Growing bacteria on minimal media; streak 10 species on a minimal plate.
B090 - Beginner's Guide to Classification of
the Bacteria. The section introduces the beginner to the many types of
bacteria and will help students pick an interesting group for a science
project. See B400 for a complete classification
of the bacteria.
- B095 - Distinctive well-defined Genera of Bacteria
which the good student should know.
B100 - Food Bacteriology: Experiments with the
bacteria you eat every day INCOMPLETE
- B10? - Making foods by selective fermentations of cabbage, cucumbers,
peanut, sorghum, tea fungus, drinks, soybean, breads, cover most primitive
fermented foods. `
- B10? - Improvement of primitive fermented foods by pure culture methods
- B120 - NEW - index to milk fermentations, LAB,
olives, etc
- isolation of pure cultures of bacteria from human foods by students
at home.
- B121 - Isolating and using pure cultures of bacteria in production
of fermented foods.
- B122 - Isolation of Brevibacterium linens
from Limburger Cheese at home by a beginner.
B200 - Isolation of bacteria from nature based
on their traits.
- B203 - Isolation and characteristics of Vibrio
phosphoreum, glows brightly.
- Eventually dozens of bacteria will be covered in detail in this section.
B400 - The Bergey Classification of Bacteria
- The Cyanobacteria (blue-green alga) - will not be covered in this site
this year.
- The Bacteria (the classical bacteria) - will be covered as time permits
- see next line.
The Bergey Classification of Bacteria into 19 parts. Some familiar genera
are listed.
- Phototrophic Bacteria: Rhodospirillum
- Rhodopseudomonas - Chromatium
- Gliding Bacteria: Myxococcus - Beggiatoa - Simonsiella - Leucothrix
- Sheathed Bacteria: Sphaerotilus - Leptothrix
- Budding / Appendaged Bacteria: Caulobacter - Gallionella
- Spirochetes: Spirochaeta - Treponema - Borrelia
- Spiral and Curved Bacteria: Spirillum - Auqaspirillum - Oceanospirillum
- Bdellovibrio
- Gram-negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci: Pseudomonas - Xanthanomonas
- Zoogloea - Gluconobacter - Azotobacter - Rhizobium - Agrobacterium -
Halobacterium - Acetobacter
- Gram-Negative Facultative Anaerobic Rods: Escherichia - Citrobacter
- Salmonella - Shigella - Klebsiella - Enterobacter - Serratia - Proteus
- Yersinia - Erwinia - Vibrio - Aeromonas - Zymomonas - Chromobacterium
- Flavobacterium -
- Gram-negative anaerobes: Bacteriodes - Fusobacterium - Desulfovibrio
- Succinimonas
- Gram-Negative cocci: Nisseria - Branhamella - Acinetobacter
- Paracoccus
- Gram-negative anaerobic cocci: Veillonella - Acidaminococcus
- Gram-Negative Chemolithotrophic: Nitrobacter - Thiobacillus
- Siderocapsa
- Methane producing:
- Gram-Positive Cocci: Micrococcus - Staphylococcus - Streptococcus
- Leuconostoc - Pediococcus - Aerococcus - Peptococcus - Ruminococcus -
Sarcina
- Endospore-forming Rods and cocci: Bacillus - Clostridium - Sporosarcina
- Gram-positive, non-sporing rods: Lactobacillus - Listeria -
Erysipelothrix - Caryophanon
- Actinomycetes and Related: Corynebacterium - Arthobacter - Brevibacterium
- Cellumonas - Kurthia - Propionibacterium - Eubacterium - Actinomyces
- Archina - Bifidiobacterium - Rothia - Mycobacterium - Frankia - Streptosporangia
- Nocardia - Streptomyces - Streptoverticillium - Micromonospora
- Rickettsias: Rickettsia - Erhlichia - Wollbachia - Bartonella
- Chlamydia
- Mycoplasmas: Mycoplasma - Acoleplasma - Thermplasma - Spiroplasma
B800 - Medical bacteriology; move pathogenic
discussions here - not ready (incomplete)
- Introduction to bacteria pathogenic to humans- Required reading for
safety
- B801 - First micro safety page for beginners - required reading for
safety
- B802 - Safety page for High School and Begin College students
- B??? - lists of pathogenic bacteria class 1,2,3, 0=no report of disease
- B0?? - The pathogenic bacteria: disease causing bacteria, plants and
animals, microbiol.
- safety
- Rutger's University Medically
Important bacteria - very sketchy
B900 - Bacterial genetics INCOMPLETE barely started.
First time Visitors Please
Read This
You can easily and safely run a bacteria project at home for a few years.
Such long-term projects usually win college scholarships for young scientists.
These pages were written for the young Pasteur who has an interest in
microbes, but has no books, no equipment, no microbes--nothing but a desire
to learn. You will find protocols for isolating bacteria from nature, descriptions
of species, and useful information not found elsewhere on the Web. With
this information you will be able to start you own collection of pure cultures
and identify many of them, at least assign them to the correct genus. If
you put in that much effort, you will probably learn as much as many students
in a good college microbiology course. Likewise elementary and highschool
teachers, farmers, gardeners will learn much to aid them. Eventually this
site will be 20 times as large as it is today.
You do not need a microscope. Toy microscopes are useless for studying
bacteria. A microscope good enough to see bacteria costs hundreds of dollars.
You would have to pay over $1,000 for a microscope that would be really
useful. If you want to see your bacteria, take them to school and use a
microscope there. Instead of spending money on a microscope, it is better
to concentrate on isolating bacteria from nature and studying their biochemical
traits. Someone once told Pasteur he had called a bacterium a coccus (round)
when it was actually rod-shaped. "If you only knew how little difference
that makes to me," Pasteur replied.
There is no need to go out and buy lots of equipment. Begin with Home
Micro Lab by making media from common kitchen foods and isolate some
bacteria.
Bottles can serve as culture tubes, or your teacher may loan you culture
tubes and supplies. If not try a hospital, they throw away lots of items
you can use and if autoclaved they are perfectly safe. Before you trouble
a hospital for gifts, do a few week's work at home and prove that you are
really interested and planning to work hard. Can lids, or flat bottles
can serve as petri plates. Most students only have access to plastic petri
plates, but is sometimes possible to reuse them.
BA.htm - Isolation and study of Bacillus strains
CL.htm - Isolation and study of Clostridum
strains
Some day there will be pages on yeasts and fungi.
You may send private
e-messages to Dr. Eddleman and he will reply, usually within 24 hours.
First installed January 1998 Revision #7 1999 Sep
9 H2SO4 2 x 108 m 37o C
Bacteria Index Page | INDIANA
BIOLAB Web Sites | indbio@disknet.com
Written by Harold Eddleman, Ph. D., President, Indiana Biolab,
14045 Huff St., Palmyra IN 47164
Visitors since 1998 June 8:
